ʻO ka polyurethane wai he ʻano hou o ka ʻōnaehana polyurethane e hoʻohana ana i ka wai ma kahi o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopuehu. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea maikaʻi ʻole o ka pollution, palekana a me ka hilinaʻi, nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa, kūpono maikaʻi, a me ka hoʻololi maʻalahi.
Eia nō naʻe, pilikia pū nā mea polyurethane i ke kū ʻana i ka wai maikaʻi ʻole, ka pale ʻana i ka wela, a me ka pale ʻana i ka solvent ma muli o ka nele o nā paʻa paʻa paʻa.
No laila, pono e hoʻomaikaʻi a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻano noiʻi like ʻole o ka polyurethane ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā monomers hana e like me ka fluorosilicone organik, resin epoxy, ester acrylic, a me nā nanomaterials.
Ma waena o lākou, hiki i nā mea polyurethane i hoʻololi ʻia nanomaterial hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ko lākou mau ʻano mechanical, ke kūpaʻa ʻana, a me ke kūpaʻa wela. Loaʻa nā ʻano hoʻololi i ke ʻano intercalation composite, in-situ polymerization method, blending method, etc.
Nano Silika
Loaʻa iā SiO2 kahi hoʻolālā pūnaewele ʻekolu-dimensional, me ka nui o nā hui hydroxyl ikaika ma luna o kona ʻili. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai piha o ka composite ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana me ka polyurethane e ka covalent bond a me ka ikaika van der Waals, e like me ka maʻalahi, ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke kūpaʻa ʻelemakule, etc. Guo et al. synthesized nano-SiO2 polyurethane hoʻololi ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano polymerization in-situ. I ka manawa e pili ana ka SiO2 ma kahi o 2% (wt, ka hapa nui, ka like ma lalo), ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka viscosity shear a me ka ikaika ʻili o ka mea hoʻopili. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka polyurethane maʻemaʻe, ua piʻi iki ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika tensile.
Nano Zinc Oxide
ʻO Nano ZnO ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, ka maikaʻi antibacterial a me ka bacteriostatic waiwai, a me ka ikaika ikaika e komo i ka radiation infrared a me ka pale UV maikaʻi, e kūpono ana i ka hanaʻana i nā mea me nā hana kūikawā. ʻO Awad et al. ua hoʻohana i ke ʻano nano positron e hoʻokomo i nā mea hoʻopiha ZnO i loko o ka polyurethane. Ua ʻike ʻia ka haʻawina aia kahi pilina ma waena o nā nanoparticles a me ka polyurethane. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maʻiʻo o ka nano ZnO mai 0 a i 5% hoʻonui i ke aniani hoʻololi wela (Tg) o polyurethane, i hoʻomaikaʻi i kona kūpaʻa wela.
Nano Calcium Carbonate
ʻO ka pilina ikaika ma waena o nano CaCO3 a me ka matrix e hoʻonui nui i ka ikaika tensile o nā mea polyurethane. ʻO Gao et al. hoʻololi mua i ka nano-CaCO3 me ka ʻakika oleic, a laila hoʻomākaukau i ka polyurethane/CaCO3 ma o ka polymerization in-situ. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka infrared (FT-IR) ua hoʻopuehu ʻia nā nanoparticles i ka matrix. Wahi a nā hoʻokolohua hana mechanical, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka polyurethane i hoʻololi ʻia me nā nanoparticles i ʻoi aku ka ikaika tensile ma mua o ka polyurethane maʻemaʻe.
Graphene
ʻO Graphene (G) kahi ʻano papa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e SP2 hybrid orbitals, e hōʻike ana i ka conductivity maikaʻi loa, ka conductivity thermal, a me ke kūpaʻa. He ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻoʻoleʻa maikaʻi, a maʻalahi hoʻi ke kulou. ʻO Wu et al. synthesized Ag / G / PU nanocomposites, a me ka hoʻonui o ka Ag / G maʻiʻo, i ka thermal stability a me ka hydrophobicity o ka composite mea hoʻomau i ka hoʻomaikaʻi, a me ka antibacterial hana no hoi i hoonui e like me.
ʻO Carbon Nanotubes
ʻO nā nanotubes kalapona (CNTs) he mea hoʻokahi-dimensional tubular nanomaterials i hoʻopili ʻia e nā hexagons, a i kēia manawa kekahi o nā mea me kahi ākea o nā noi. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kona ikaika kiʻekiʻe, conductivity, a me ka polyurethane composite waiwai, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke kūpaʻa wela, nā waiwai mechanical, a me ka conductivity o ka mea. ʻO Wu et al. hoʻokomo i nā CNT ma o ka polymerization in-situ e hoʻomalu i ka ulu a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā mea emulsion, e hiki ai i nā CNT ke hoʻopuehu like ʻia i loko o ka matrix polyurethane. Me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o nā CNTs, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka ikaika tensile o ka mea hoʻohui.
Hāʻawi kā mākou hui i ka Fumed Silica kiʻekiʻe,Nā ʻĀpana Anti-hydrolysis (nā mea hoʻopili cross, Carbodiimide), Nā mea hoʻopau UV, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana o ka polyurethane.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-10-2025